Pros And Cons Of FM Chips In Cell Phones

Most people are aware of the NAB and the RIAA asking congress to mandate FM receiver chips in cell phones.  This idea hatched over a dispute as to whether musicians and record companies should receive royalties from radio stations playing their music.  The idea is to use their cell phones in the event of an emergency.  Whatever your opinion may be, let’s look at the pros and cons.

We’re going to go with the cons list first.  An FM chip in a cell phone would drain the batteries quickly.  Though there are a few cell phones who sell phones that can receive FM signal through ear buds.  Manufacturers like LG, Samsung, Sony Ericsson, and Nokia carry these phones with the FM chip.  An AM chip is impossible to place inside a phone.  It needs not only internal but external antennas.  These antennas would need to be pretty large.  It would add to the cost of the phone and take up space that could be used for new technologies.  Some are suggesting that this proposal is nothing more than a way to save a floundering business that consumers are abandoning.

Now let’s look at the pros.  It would not be hard to add the FM chip to cell phones.  The antenna would be either wired ear buds or a point of contact on the phone itself.  The technology does not harm the cell phones or their functions.  And we have already seen this in the cell phones carrying the FM chip.  In a couple of years you could see HD radio chips.  Although right now it’s a little expensive.  The NAB believes that these chips could save people’s lives, enabling them to monitor local weather and emergency alerts.  The NAB is encouraged over recent surveys that suggest if a chip was installed on cell phone consumers would use the feature.

How To Tune The Radio On An IPod Nano

The Apple IPod Nano has the ability to not only hold thousands of songs but can also tune into FM radio through headphones.  Most media players have an application for radio.  However, the IPod Nano has a FM receiver chip installed in the player that allows a user to pick up radio stations without having to download anything.  Using the radio on the Nano can be a little tricky for those of you who just pulled the player out of the box and started using it.  There are no buttons or switches for the radio on the outside of the player.  So here are some pretty easy instructions for turning on and tuning your IPod Nano radio.

The first thing you need to do is to plug in some headphones or ear buds, any kind.  This is the antenna for your radio.  You can’t listen to your radio feature without them.  On the home screen of your Nano you will find the radio menu item or icon.  When you first click on the radio icon or menu item, moving the click wheel to the left or right changes the radio station.  After you have listened for a little bit and you are ready to move to another station, double click the center button on the click wheel.  This brings the tuner back up and allows you to move through the channels going left and right again.  When you are done listening to the radio, you have to click, “Stop Radio”.  You cannot use the play/pause feature to stop the radio like you do when you use the songs you have downloaded.

The Nano can use its built-in storage and FM tuner to record live radio.  Live Pause can be turned on or off from the radio feature.  It allows you to listen to up to 15 minutes of live radio.  You can then tag these songs for later purchase.

What Is HD Radio?

What is HD radio?  You would be surprised to know that a lot of people do not what it is or that it is available.  Most consumers often confuse HD radio with satellite radio.  Would you be surprised to know that more than 80 percent of America’s radio stations broadcast in HD?  HD radio is the only digital system that is approved by the FCC for FM/AM radio.  A radio station uses HD to broadcast both digital and analog audio on the same channel, in addition, new FM channel and text information.  It requires no subscription, it is free, but you must buy the receiver to receive the digital signal.

It is, however, important to remember that HD radio does not have any connection to HDTV.  HD radio provides enhanced features over the analog format.  The FCC will not force analog radio broadcasts off the air.  HD receivers are not mandatory to listen to FM/AM radio.  The analog signal backs up the digital signal.  In other words, if the digital signal fails, the analog will pick up.  Consumers have noted that there is sometimes poor sound quality because of this.  Playing an HD unit with a regular FM/AM device together will result in the “echo” effect.

If you go to your local electronic store looking for an HD receiver, do not expect to find one in stock.  Most stores will not carry the receivers because consumers favor internet radio options over the HD radio.  You can order a receiver online.  The cost ranges between 50 dollars up to a couple hundred dollars.  There are several major automakers that have made HD radio a factory installed option in their vehicles.  There are, currently, only a few handheld devices that allow HD radio.  Microsoft has the Zune HD and Apple has the IPod Nano.

Internet Radio Versus Satellite Radio

Internet radio is music that is either in the form of FM/AM radio streaming straight from the radio station websites, internet only stations, or custom stations.  The great thing about internet music is that it is free.  If you want a particular type of music, Pandora and last.fm, offer you the option to type in artist, song or genre and it finds music that might suit your tastes.  Portability is an issue for internet radio.  However, cell phones are becoming mini computers and there are devices out now that allow you to listen to internet radio without actually being online.  There is even some talk about installing internet radio in your car like a mapping system that updates itself that is already installed in newer vehicles.

Satellite radio is a paid subscription radio.  It is installed in newer vehicles with 6 months to a year subscription free.  While satellite radio is offering streaming music on their websites, you do have to pay a monthly fee for that use.  Satellite radio is stepping out of the vehicles and inside your home.  They have several portable devices that allow you to have satellite inside your home.  Keep in mind that you do have to pay for the subscription as well as the receivers.

Satellite radio financially has the upper hand over internet radio, obviously because of the paid subscriptions.  Internet radio has instant access to millions of songs with little to no commercials.  Portability is about the same for the two, although, both are making real progress in that area.  They both provide different types of stations from, talk, to music, to weather and news.  With the official merger of XM and Sirius in 2008 it definitely makes satellite radio formidable and financially sound.  But let’s face it free is free and most people will choose that over a paid subscription any day.  That could be why FM/AM is still ranked number one.

What is Digital Radio?

Digital radio, also know as HD radio, is the newest technology applied to radio format, the biggest change in radio since Frequency Modulation (FM) was introduced in the 1960s. HD radio offers a variety of enhancements to the listening experience. The main advantages of HD radio over FM radio are as follows:

Combined analog and digital signals are transmitted. FM is limited as to how much information it can carry; therefore, the sound quality is lower than CD quality. AM (Amplitude Modulation) radio carries even less information.

The bundled signals allow data sent as text, such as, song titles with the song being transmitted. HD radio can send alot more information over the same frequency by digitizing the signal. FM stations have 150 kilobits per second (kps) of bandwidth available for HD radio with only about 96 kps used for digital audio programming.

The digital signal is compressed. As a result, radio stations can provide higher quality sound. In addition, this reduced bandwith can be divided into multiple programs, allowing digital radio stations to increase their simultaneously available content, or multicast, without needing more frequencies or bandwith. For example, an FM radio station can be tuned in on a specific frequency, say, 104.1. However, an HD receiver can indicate the station is multicasting so the radio dial can be set to an alternate channel , such as HD2 or HD3, which is simultaneously broad cast by the same FM radio station.

HD digital receivers can sort through reflected signals, reducing static and hissing. HD radio allow additional information to get sent to your radio via an HD receiver, without the same problems FM listeners experience, such as, background noise and interference from buildings.

In addition to all the other benefits of HD over FM broadcasts, digital radio is also free, it just requires an HD receiver.

National Public Radio Takes Advantage of Digital Technology

In a major effort to grow its audience, National Public Radio (NPR) made several moves in 2009 by taking advantage of some of the more recent developments in digital technology. NPR used its website an iPhone app and even social media sites to improve its reach.

Although NPR’s audience for its news programs was up more than 4 percent between spring 2005 and spring 2009, it stagnated from 2008 to 2009 at about 26.4 million listeners per week. By inculcating more digital technology into its approach to reaching listeners, NPR grew its overall audience. Unique visits to NPR’s web and mobile platforms grew more than 43 percent between 2008 and 2009.

NPR Changes Website; Lauches iPhone App

This growth was achieved by NPR with a multi-pronged approach. NPR made major changes to the look and accessibility of its website which it unveiled in the summer of 2009. Shortly after, NPR introduced an iPhone app which quickly became a huge success. According to NPR, there were more than 1 million downloads using the app in the first week alone and listeners spent about 15 minutes on the application at a time. However, the iPhone app dampened listener downloads of podcasts – about 8 percent fewer by the end of 2009 than 2008. The app doesn’t require a download offering streaming audio instead.

Social Media Gains Ground

NPR also made a major foray into social media to grow its audience. NPR says its Twitter feed had more than 1.3 million visitors and its Facebook page had more than half a million fans by the end of 2009. NPR is even encouraging journalists to use these sites.
The availability of NPR programming also grew during 2009 with 901 stations offering its content up from 866 in 2008. The number of NPR member stations stood at 268.

Digital Radio Standards Differ Worldwide

When the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted iBiquity’s HD Radio technology as the standard for digital radio, it did so without regard to standards already set in many other countries.

The FCC adopted HD Radio in 2002 as the method to broadcast digital audio in the US. HD Radio is frequently in tandem with analog AM and FM radio stations. As of spring 2009 there were more stations broadcasting with HD Radio technology than any of the digital audio technologies offered worldwide.

The most common digital radio standards are a group of technologies known as Eureka-147. It began with DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting), which is used by a number of countries, especially in Europe where it was introduced in the 1980′s. Eureka-147 was expanded to include DAB+ which was introduced in February 2007. DAB+ offers much improved audio quality and is much more efficient than than DAB. However, DAB-only receivers can’t receive DAB+ transmissions.

When DAB was introduced, it was state of the art and continues to be the standard technology used in the United Kingdom. DAB is based on MPEG Audio Layer II coding. DAB+ was later developed to provide more efficient transmission at lower bit rates, lower costs, and provide more service options. DAB+ is used in Malta, Singapore and Australia and other countries new to digital radio. DMB, a later innovation, provides additional capabilities which allow DAB to act as a mobile television and multimedia digital radio platforms.

DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) is a technology that was developed in South Korea. Eureka 147 is coordinated by the World DMB Forum. According to the World DMB Forum, more than half a billion people are able to receive DAB services from more than 1,300 radio stations.

Other systems include Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) which is a group of technologies that use AM broadcasting bands. DRM+ extends the system from broadcasting bands below 30MHz up to 108 MHz.

Is Satellite Radio All That?

As of June 2010, SIRIUS radio, available almost everywhere in America, had more than 19 million listeners. Although satellite radio isn’t free in the US, its selling points can definitely be seen, especially when traveling cross country.

Because satellite radio provides an analog or digital radio signal relayed by satellites, it covers a wide geographical area relative to terrestrial radio stations in the US. US terrestrial stations are local, each with its own content and commercials, although they may offer syndicated content.

AM and FM coverage allows listeners to pick up the same station throughout a very long road trip. Because a satellite’s signal has a range of millions of square miles, there is better coverage in rural areas where FM and AM radio is limited. The broadcast from orbiting satellites is clear and static-free.

Satellite radio can also come installed on many cars on the market. SIRIUS has agreements with Ford, Chrysler, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, Volvo, Mazda, Dodge, Jeep, Volkswagen and Audi vehicles to install AM/FM and satellite radios in their vehicles. Because the radio services offered via satellite use proprietary signals, specialized hardware is necessary to decode and playback that signal; therefore, a standard AM/FM radio won’t do.

The plethora of stations available on satellite radio also provides listeners with multiple programming options within every genre available. SIRIUS also provides sports enthusiasts a variety of programming from partners like the NFL, NASCAR and ESPN. With satellite radio, the amount of advertising is far less than that of tradition radio stations, in part because the subscribers pay for the radio service.

One downside of satellite radio is that tunnels, large buildings, overpasses and other obstructions can block the satellite signal. SIRIUS does have a number of repeater towers on the ground that rebroadcast the satellite signal but even microwaves can sometimes block the signal.

Paul Harvey: America’s Radio Legend

Few radio personalities have the breadth of experience and longevity that Paul Harvey did. Paul Harvey, an American radio host for almost sixty years died in March 2009 at the age of 90.

Paul Harvey’s career began in radio when he was about 15 years old. His distinct voice led a teacher from Tulsa Central High School in Oklahoma to take him to a local radio station and tell the manager that Harvey needed to be on radio. For two years he worked unpaid, starting as an errand boy but moving up to commercials and reading the news. He attended the University of Tulsa where he studied speech and literature. He then worked at radio stations across the Midwest.

Harvey joined the Army after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and worked as a reporter in Hawaii. After his discharge in 1944, he moved to Chicago and began working on WENR-AM. When ABC bought the network where he worked in 1951, his broadcasts were heard across the country and he quickly became a popular host. He was on the air twice a day hosting one of the most heard programs on the radio with 22 million listeners on 1,300 radio stations.

Although Harvey was on television during the late 1960′s and early 1970′s, he preferred radio and left TV. However, he did lecture and write a syndicated newspaper column.

Like so many other conservative commentators, Harvey promoted his views over the radio. He was known for having supported Senator Joseph McCarthy’s anticommunist campaigns in the 1950′s and opposing bussing for school desegregation in the 1960′s. However, he wasn’t above breaking with the right and supported the Equal Rights Amendment and was pro-choice.

Harvey was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1990 but his most well-known award was the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Bush in 2005.

Selecting a Digital Receiver

A wide variety of digital receivers are available on the market today, many offering all the bells and whistles you think you might need. But how do you weed through the products and choose the one that is best for you? Evaluating your needs in advance will help you narrow your decision before heading to the store or an online site.

Compatibility and Connectivity

When selecting a digital media receiver, make sure it is compatible with any digital files you already have and support any other devices you already have. WMA and AAC files are not necessarily transferable. The best way to check is by looking at the labels on the box of the receiver you have in mind or going to the brand’s website.

A digital receiver’s compatibility also extends to connectivity. Check whether it can physically connect to the audio devices you plan to use with it, such as, an equalizer or an iPod.

Display and Configuration

Is it wireless or does it require direct hook up? If it does need wires, can you run them with the configuration you have in mind?

Get a digital media receiver with a display readable across the room. There is no
point in having a remote if you can’t use it.

Power

As with any piece of electronics, power is key. While it is easy to go overboard and equate the most powerful with the best, take a step back and evaluate your requirements. The room size where the receiver will be dictates the amount of power you need. A digital receiver with a range of 30 to 50 watts could best meet the needs in a small room while receivers with 100 watts or more might be best suited for large rooms.

Use this list as a starting point for choosing the right digital receiver to meet your needs.